الفَرائِضُ
OBLIGATIONS
الحَثُّ عَلى أداءِ الفَرائِضِ / Enjoinment of Fulfilling Religious Obligations
1ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): اِعمَلْ بفَرائضِ اللّهِ تَكُن أتقَى الناسِ.
1– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Perform the obligations
[laid down by] Allah and you will become the most pious of people.’
[al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 82, no. 4]
2ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): الفَرائضَ الفَرائضَ ! أدُّوها إلَى اللّهِ تُؤَدِّكُم إلَى الجَنَّةِ.
2– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Obligations! Obligations! Fulfil them for Allah and it will lead you to Heaven.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 167]
الفَرائِضُ
OBLIGATIONS
3ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): اِجعَلُوا ما افتَرَضَ اللّهُ علَيكُم مِن طَلَبِكُم، وَاسألوهُ مِن أداءِ حَقِّهِ ما سَألَكُم.
3– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Make your quest that which Allah has made obligatory upon you, and ask Him to
[enable you to] fulfil the right of what He has asked of you.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 113]
4ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): خادِعْ نفسَكَ في العِبادَةِ، وارفُقْ بها ولا تَقهَرْها، وخُذْ عَفوَها ونَشاطَها، إلّا ما كانَ مَكتوباً علَيكَ مِن الفَريضَةِ ؛ فإنّهُ لا بُدَّ مِن قَضائها وتَعاهُدِها عِندَ مَحَلِّها.
4– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Lure your soul to worship, and be lenient towards it, and do not force it. Accept its excuse and take advantage of its vitality, except what has been prescribed for you as an obligation; for they must be performed, and carried out at their right time.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 69]
5ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): لا عِبادَةَ كَأداءِ الفَرائضِ .
5– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘There is no worship like the performance of obligatory acts.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 113]
6ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إنّك إنِ اشتَغَلتَ بفَضائلِ النَّوافِلِ عَن أداءِ الفَرائضِ، فلَن يقومَ فَضلٌ تَكسِبُهُ بِفَرضٍ تُضَيِّعُهُ.
6– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘If you were to preoccupy yourself with supererogatory acts instead of the obligatory, you will not gain a single merit by losing an obligation.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3793]
7ـ الإمامُ الحسنُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إنّ اللّهَ عَزَّوجلَّ بِمَنِّهِ ورَحمَتِهِ لَمّا فَرَضَ عَليكُمُ الفَرائضَ لم يَفرِضْ علَيكُم لِحاجَةٍ مِنهُ إلَيهِ، بَل رَحمَةً مِنهُ إلَيكُم (علَيكُم) لا إلهَ إلّا هُو، لِيَميزَ الخَبيثَ مِن الطَّيِّبِ، ولِيَبتَلِيَ ما في صُدورِكُم، ولِيُمَحِّصَ ما في قُلوبِكُم .
7– Imam Husayn (AS) said, ‘When Allah with His Generosity and Benevolence made the obligations a duty upon you, He did not do so for a need He has for them. Rather, it is as a result of the Benevolence He has over you - there is no god but He – and in order to distinguish between the bad and the good, and to test what is in your chests, and to purify what is in your hearts.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 23, p. 99, no. 3]
8ـ الإمامُ زينُ العابدينَ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَن عَمِلَ بما افتَرَضَ اللّهُ علَيهِ فهُو مِن خَيرِ الناسِ.
8– Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, ‘Those who act according to what Allah has made obligatory are the best of people.
[ al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 81, no. 1]
9ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): قالَ اللّهُ تبارَكَ وتعالى: ما تَحَبَّبَ إلَيَّ عبدِي بِأحَبَّ ممّا افتَرَضتُ علَيهِ.
9– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Allah, Blessed and most High, said, ‘There is nothing more beloved to Me, through which My servant may endear himself to Me than through the duties I ask him to fulfil.’
[al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 82, no. 5]
ما فَرَضَ اللّهُ سُبحانَهُ عَلَى النّاسِ / That Which Allah Has Made Obligatory for People
10ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إنّ اللّهَ تعالى فَرَضَ على أئمّةِ العَدلِ (الحقِّ) أن يُقَدِّرُوا أنفُسَهُم بِضَعَفَةِ الناسِ، كيلا يَتَبيَّغَ بالفَقيرِ فَقرُهُ.
10– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah, most High, has made obligatory upon the leaders of justice
[truth] to equate themselves with the weak ones from among of people, so that the poor cannot be intimidated as a result of his poverty.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 209]
11ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إنّ اللّهَ سبحانَهُ فَرَضَ في أموالِ الأغنياءِ أقواتَ الفُقَراءِ، فما جاعَ فَقيرٌ إلّا بما مُتِّعَ بهِ غَنيٌّ.
11– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah, Glory be to Him, made the provisions of the poor incumbent upon the wealth of the rich; so no poor person goes hungry except as a result of what the rich person enjoys.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 328]
12ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): فَرَضَ اللّهُ الإيمانَ تَطهيراً مِن الشِّركِ، والصلاةَ تَنزيهاً عنِ الكِبرِ، والزكاةَ تَسبيباً للرِّزقِ .
12– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah made faith incumbent in order to purify
[people] from polytheism, and prayer to eliminate arrogance, and the alms-tax as a mediator for
[the descent of] sustenance.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 252]
13ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إنّ اللّهَ فَرَضَ على جَوارِحِكَ كُلِّها فَرائضَ يَحتَجُّ بها علَيكَ يَومَ القِيامَةِ .
13– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah has ordained a duty for all of your body parts, and they will be used as proofs and witnesses over you on the Day of Resurrection.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 382]
جَوامِعُ الفَرائِضِ / The Sum of All Obligations
14ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): أمّا ما فَرَضَهُ اللّهُ سبحانَهُ في كتابِهِ فدَعائمُ الإسلامِ، وهِي خَمسُ دَعائمَ . وعلى هذهِ الفَرائضِ الخَمسِ بُنِيَ الإسلامُ، فَجَعَلَ سبحانَهُ لِكُلِّ فَريضَةٍ مِن هذهِ الفَرائضِ أربَعةَ حُدودٍ لايَسَعُ أحَداً جَهلُها، أوَّلُها: الصلاةُ، ثُمّ الزكاةُ، ثُمّ الصيامُ، ثُمّ الحَجُّ، ثُمّ الوَلايَةُ، وهِي خاتِمَتُها والجامِعَةُ لِجَميعِ الفَرائضِ والسُّنَنِ .
14– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The limits of the greatest obligations that Allah has ordained upon His creation are five: prayer, the alms-tax (zakat), the obligatory pilgrimage (Hajj), fasting, and the guardianship
[of those divinely appointed by Allah] (wilaya), which is the protector for the former four.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 68, p. 388, no. 39]