الصَّدِيق
THE FRIEND
الصَّدِيق / The Friend
1ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): المَرءُ على دِينِ خَلِيلِهِ ، فَليَنظُر أحَدُكُم مَن يُخالِلُ.
1– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Man follows the same creed as his friend, so consider carefully who it is you befriend.’
[Amali al-Tusi, p. 518, no. 1135]
2ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): الصَّديقُ أقرَبُ الأقارِبِ.
2– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘One’s friend is the closest of one’s relations.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 674]
الصَّدِيق
THE FRIEND
3ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَن لا صَدِيقَ لَهُ لا ذُخرَ لَهُ.
3– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who lacks friends lacks a bare necessity.’
[Ibid. no. 8760]
4ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): الأصدِقاءُ نَفسٌ واحِدَةٌ في جُسُومٍ مُتَفَرِّقَةٍ.
4– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Friends are a single soul divided between different bodies.’
[Ibid. no. 2059]
تَشاكُلُ النُّفوسِ / Resemblance of Souls
5ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): النُّفُوسُ أشكالٌ ، فما تَشاكَلَ مِنها اتَّفَقَ ، والناسُ إلى أشكالِـهِم أميَلُ .
5– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Souls resemble other souls, and those that resemble each other are in harmony, that is why people are attracted towards those they resemble.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 92, no. 100]
6ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): كُلُّ امرِئٍ يَمِيلُ إلى مِثلِهِ .
6– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Every person is inclined towards one who is like him.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6865]
مَن يَنبَغي مُصادَقَتُهُ / People Whom One Should Befriend
7ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): أسعَدُ الناسِ مَن خالَطَ كِرامَ الناسِ.
7– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The most prosperous of people is he who mingles with honourable people.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 185, no. 2]
8ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): أكثَرُ الصَّلاحِ والصَّوابِ في صُحبَةِ اُولِي النُهى والألبابِ.
8– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The most goodness and righteousness is to be found in the company of people of reason and understanding.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3129]
9ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَن دَعاكَ إلى الدارِ الباقيَةِ وأعانَكَ على العَمَلِ لَها ، فهُو الصَّديقُ الشَّفيقُ.
9– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The one who invites you to the everlasting abode and helps you work towards it is a compassionate friend indeed.’
[Ibid. no. 8775]
10ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): لاتُسَمِّ الرَّجُلَ صَدِيقاً سِمَةَ مَعرِفَةٍ حتّى تَختَبِرَهُ بثلاثٍ: تُغضِبُهُ فَتَنظُرُ غَضَبَهُ يُخرِجُهُ مِن الحَقِّ إلى الباطِلِ ، وعندَ الدِّينارِ والدِّرهَمِ ، وحتّى تُسافِرَ مَعهُ.
10– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Do not call a man your friend with the true stamp of friendship until you have tested him in three matters: anger him so that you may see whether his anger takes him away from right into wrong; test him with the dinar and the dirham
[in money matters]; and travel with him.’
[Amali al-Tusi, p. 646, no. 1339]
11ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): اِصحَبْ مَن تَتَزَيَّنُ بهِ ، ولا تَصحَب مَن يَتَزَيَّنُ بكَ.
11– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Befriend one who gives you a good image, and do not befriend one who uses you to boost his own image.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76, p. 267, no. 9]
مَن لا يَنبَغي مُصادَقَتُهُ / People Whom One Must Not Befriend
12ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): لا خَيرَ لكَ في صُحبَةِ مَن لا يَرى لكَ مِثلَ الذي يَرى لِنَفسِهِ .
12– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘It is not good for you to befriend someone who does not have your best interests at heart as he does his own.’
[al-Durra al-BÁhira, p. 19]
13ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَن لَم يَصحَبْكَ مُعِينا على نفسِكَ فَصُحبَتُهُ وَبالٌ علَيكَ إن عَلِمتَ .
13– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who, in his friendship with you, is of no aid to you against your base self, his friendship is a curse on you, if only you knew.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9041]
14ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): اِحذَرْ مُصاحَبَةَ الفُسّاقِ والفُجّارِ والمُجاهِرِينَ بِمَعاصِي اللّهِ .
14– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Beware of befriending corrupt people, immoral people, and those who openly commit acts of disobedience to Allah.’
[Ibid. no. 2601]
15ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): صَدِيقُ الجاهِلِ مَتعُوبٌ مَنكُوبٌ.
15– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The friend of an ignorant man is always wearied and miserable.’
[Ibid. no. 5829]
16ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إيّاكَ ومُصاحَبَةَ الفُسّاقِ ؛ فإنَّ الشَّرَّ بالشَّرِّ مُلحَقٌ.
16– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Beware of befriending immoral people, for verily only evil accompanies evil.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 199, no. 36]
17ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ في وصيَّتِهِ لابنِهِ الحَسنِ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ: يا بُنَيَّ ، إيّاكَ ومُصادَقَةَ الأحمَقِ ؛ فإنّهُ يُرِيدُ أن يَنفَعَكَ فَيَضُرُّكَ.
17– Imam Ali (AS), in his will to his son al-Hasan (AS), said, ‘O my son, beware of befriending a stupid person, for although he will surely want to be of benefit to you, he will only bring you trouble.’
[Ibid. p. 198, no. 35]
18ـ الإمامُ زينُ العابدينَ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ في وصيَّتِهِ لابنِهِ الباقِرِ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ: إيّاكَ ومصاحَبَةَ القاطِعِ لِرَحِمِهِ؛ فإنّي وَجَدتُهُ مَلعوناً في كتابِ اللّهِ عَزَّوجلَّ في ثلاثِ مَواضِعَ.
18– Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), in his advice to his son al-Baqir (AS), said, ‘Beware of befriending one who has cut off relations with his kin, for verily I have seen him cursed in the Book of Allah, Mighty and Exalted, on three different occasions.’
[Ibid. v. 2, p. 377, no. 7]
19ـ الإمامُ الرِّضا (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): صَديقُ الجاهِلِ في تَعَبٍ .
19– Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ‘The ignorant man’s friend is always wearied.’
[Ibid. v. 78, p. 352, no. 9]
ما يُفسِدُ الصَّداقَةَ / That Which Corrupts a Friendship
20ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إذا احتَشَمَ الرجُلُ أخاهُ فقد فارَقَهُ .
20– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘When a man puts his friend to shame, he has indeed parted from him.’
[Ibid. v. 74, p. 165, no. 28]
21ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): حَسَدُ الصَّديقِ مِن سُقم المَودَّةِ .
21– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Jealousy of one’s friend stems from weakness in one’s love
[for him].’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 218]
22ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): لا يَغْلِبَنَّ علَيكَ سوءُ الظَّنِّ ؛ فإنّهُ لا يَدَعُ بينَكَ وبينَ صَدِيقٍ صَفْحاً.
22– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Do not let bad opinion of people overcome you, for verily it will not leave any pardon between you and your friend.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 207, no. 1]
23ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَنِ استَقصى على صَدِيقِهِ انقَطَعَت مَوَدَّتُهُ .
23– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who penetrates deeply into his friend’s affairs, his love for him comes to an end.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8582]
24ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَن ناقَشَ الإخوانَ قَلَّ صَدِيقُهُ .
24– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who argues with his brothers has few friends.’
[Ibid. no. 8772]
25ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إن أرَدتَ أن يَصفُوَ لكَ وُدُّ أخِيكَ فلا تُمازِحَنَّهُ ، ولا تُمارِيَنَّهُ ، ولا تُباهِيَنَّهُ ، ولا تُشارَّنَّهُ.
25– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘If you want the exclusive love of your brother, then do not ever make fun of him, nor quarrel with him, nor compete against him, nor be malicious to him.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 291, no. 2]
26ـ الإمامُ الهاديُّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): المِراءُ يُفسِدُ الصَّداقَةَ القَديمَةَ ، ويُحَلِّلُ العُقدَةَ الوَثِيقَةَ ، وأقَلُّ ما فيهِ أن تَكونَ فيهِ المُغالَبَةُ ، والمُغالَبَةُ اُسُّ أسبابِ القَطيعَةِ.
26– Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, ‘The quarrel corrupts a long friendship and dissolves strong ties, because it only really consists of strife, and strife is the main cause of a break in friendship.’
[A`alam al-Din, no. 311]
حُدودُ الصَّداقَةِ / The Extent of One’s Friendship
27ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): الصَّديقُ الصَّدوقُ: مَن نَصَحَكَ في عَيبِكَ، وحَفِظَكَ في غَيبِكَ ، وآثَرَكَ على نَفسِهِ.
27– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘A sincere friend is he who advises you with regard to your shortcomings, protects you in your absence, and prefers you over himself.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1904]
28ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): اُبذُلْ لِصَدِيقِكَ كُلَّ المَوَدَّةِ ، ولا تَبذُل لَهُ كُلَّ الطُمأنِينَةِ.
28– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘'Shower all your love on your friend but do not shower all your trust on him.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 165, no. 29]
29ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): لا تَكونُ الصَّداقَةُ إلّا بِحُدُودِها، فَمَن كانَت فيهِ هذهِ الحُدودُ أو شَيءٌ مِنهُ ، وإلّا فلا تَنسِبْهُ إلى شَيءٍ مِن الصَّداقَةِ ، فَأوَّلُها: أن تكونَ سَرِيرَتُهُ وعَلانِيَتُهُ لكَ واحِدَةً ، والثانيةُ: أن يَرى زَينَكَ زَينَهُ ، وشَينَكَ شَينَهُ ، والثالثةُ: أن لا تُغَيِّرَهُ علَيكَ وِلايَةٌ ولا مالٌ ، والرابعةُ: لا يَمنَعُكَ شَيئا تَنالُهُ مَقدُرَتُهُ ، والخامسةُ ـ وهي تَجمَعُ هذهِ الخِصالَ ـ: أن لا يُسلِمَكَ عِندَ النَّكَباتِ .
29– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Friendship can only succeed when its conditions are fulfilled, and he who fulfils all or some of these conditions may be befriended, and if not, then do not attribute any of your friendship to him. The first of these conditions is that he should treat you in public the same as he treats you in private. Secondly, that your source of pride is a source of pride for him, and your source of shame is a source of shame for him too. Thirdly, that neither friendship
[with others] nor wealth should render him envious of you. Fourthly, that he must not prevent you from obtaining that which you have the capacity for, and fifthly – and this sums up all the other qualities – that he must not give up on you in times of misfortune.’
[Ibid. v. 78, p. 249, no. 90]
أفضلُ الأصحابِ / The Best of Companions
30ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): خَيرُ الأصحابِ مَن قَلَّ شِقاقُهُ وكَثُرَ وِفاقُهُ .
30– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The best of companions is he who has little discord about him and much harmony.’
[Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 123]
31ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): المُعِينُ على الطاعَةِ خَيرُ الأصحابِ .
31– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘One who aids you in your obedience
[to Allah] is the best of companions.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1142]
حَقُّ الصّاحِبِ / The Right of One’s Companion
32ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): لا تَقطَعْ صَديقاً وإن كَفَرَ.
32– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Do not cut off a friend, even if he disbelieves.’
[Ibid. no. 10196]
33ـ الإمامُ زينُ العابدينَ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): أمّا حَقُّ الصاحِبِ: فَأن تَصحَبَهُ بِالتَفَضُّلِ والإنصافِ ، وتُكرِمَهُ كما يُكرِمُكَ ، ولا تَدَعَهُ يَسبِقُ إلى مَكرُمةٍ ، فإن سَبَقَ كافَأتَهُ ، وتَوَدُّهُ كما يَوَدُّكَ ، وتَزجُرُهُ عمّا يَهُمُّ بهِ مِن مَعصيَةٍ ، وكُن علَيهِ رَحمَةً ، ولا تَكُن علَيهِ عَذاباً.
33– Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, ‘The right of your companion is that you share his company with bounty and fairness. You should honour him as he honours you, and should not let him be the first to extend his generosity. And if he is the first to do so, then repay him. Wish for him as he wishes for you, and restrain him from any act of disobedience that he might contemplate. Be a mercy for him, and not a chastisement.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 7, no. 1]